MRSA Quant RT-PCR (CE) | B78-100FRT

MRSA Quant RT-PCR | B78-100FRT from Sacace Biotechnologies is available for delivery

Description:

General information: Real Time PCR kit

Target Disease Type: Bacterial drug resistance

Specific Application: Staphilococcus aureus & MRSA

Storage and Shipping : 4 weeks

MRSA Quant RT-PCR (CE) B78-100FRT DataSheet

INTRODUCTION

S.aureus is a major cause of nosocomial infections. Most transmissions occur through the contaminated hands of a person carrying S. aureus. Treatment of S. aureus infections has become a real challenge with the emergence of strains resistant to previously effective antimicrobial agents. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a bacterium responsible for several difficult-to-treat infections in humans. It is called MRSA any strain of Staphylococcus aureus that has developed resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics, including penicillins (methicillin, dicloxacillin, nafcillin, oxacillin, etc.) and cephalosporins. A defining characteristic of MRSA is its ability to thrive in the presence of penicillin-like antibiotics, which normally prevent bacterial growth by inhibiting synthesis of cell-wall material. MRSA contains a gene, mecA, which stops β-lactam antibiotics from inactivating the enzymes (transpeptidases) that are critical to cell wall synthesis.

In most patients, MRSA can be detected by swabbing the nostrils and isolating the bacteria found inside. Combined with extra sanitary measures for those in contact with infected patients, screening patients admitted to hospitals has been found to be effective in minimizing the spread of MRSA in hospitals in the United States, Denmark, Finland, Netherlands and other countries. MRSA may progress substantially within 24–48 hours of initial topical symptoms. After 72 hours, MRSA can take hold in human tissues and eventually become resistant to treatment. The initial presentation of MRSA is small red bumps that resemble pimples, spider bites, or boils; they may be accompanied by fever and, occasionally, rashes. Within a few days, the bumps become larger and more painful; they eventually open into deep, pus-filled boils. About 75 percent of community-associated (CA-) MRSA infections are localized to skin and soft tissue and usually can be treated effectively. But some CA-MRSA strains display enhanced virulence, spreading more rapidly and causing illness much more severe than traditional healthcare-associated (HA-) MRSA infections, and they can affect vital organs and lead to widespread infection (sepsis), toxic shock syndrome, and necrotizing ("flesh-eating") pneumonia.

MRSA infections are associated with high mortality, morbidity, and costs. Thus, preventing MRSA acquisition is a top priority at many hospitals. One preventive approach is screening at admission for MRSA using rapid PCR testing, which can detect MRSA within 2 hours, as opposed to the 2, 3 up to 4 days necessary for conventional cultures. Using PCR testing for MRSA screening of hospitalized patients provides results more quickly and can lead to appropriate prevention measures.

INTENDED USE

MRSA Quant Real-TM PCR kit is an in vitro nucleic acid amplification test for qualitative detection and quantification of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) DNA in the clinical materials (sputum, oropharyngeal swabs, urine sediment, bronchoalveolar lavage, plasma, tissue, flushing of medical instruments) by using real-time hybridization-fluorescence detection.

PRINCIPLE OF ASSAY

MRSA determination by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with hybridization fluorescent detection includes three stages: DNA extraction from clinical samples, PCR-amplification of pathogen genome specific region, and real-time hybridization fluorescent detection. DNA is extracted from sputum, oropharyngeal swabs, urine sediment, bronchoalveolar lavage, plasma, tissue, flushing of medical instruments in presence of Internal Control (IC), which allows to monitor the analysis of each sample.

Then, MRSA DNA is amplified using specific primers and polymerase. In real-time PCR, the amplified product is detected using fluorescent dyes. These dyes are linked to oligonucleotide probes which bind specifically to the amplified product during thermocycling. The real-time monitoring of the fluorescence intensities during the real-time PCR allows the detection of PCR product without re-opening the reaction tubes after the PCR run.

MRSA Quant Real-TM PCR kit detect the DNA fragment of Staphylococcus aureus and the DNA fragment of mecA gene specific only for methicillin resistant strains of S.aureus. Staphylococcus aureus DNA is detected in the FAM/Green channel, MRSA DNA (ampliification of mecA fragment) is detected in the JOE/HEX/Yellow channel, Internal Control (IC) DNA is detected in the ROX/Orange channe