PCR
PCR Animation
If the nucleotide sequences at the ends of a particular DNA region are known, the intervening fragment can be amplified directly by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Here we describe the basic PCR technique and three situations inwhich it is used.
The PCR depends on the ability to alternately denature (melt) double-stranded DNA molecules and renature (anneal) complementary single strands in a controlled fashion. As in the membrane-hybridization assay described earlier, the presence of noncomplementary strands in a mixture has little effect on the base pairing of complementary single DNA strands or complementary regions of strands. The second requirement for PCR is the ability to synthesize oligonucleotides at least 18–20 nucleotides long with a defined sequence. Such synthetic nucleotides can be readily produced with automated instruments based on the standard reaction scheme.
A typical PCR procedure begins by heat-denaturation of a DNA sample into single strands. Next, two synthetic oligonucleotides complementary to the 3' ends of the target DNA segment of interest are added in great excess to the denatured DNA, and the temperature is lowered to 50–60 C. These specific oligonucleotides, which are at a very high concentration, will hybridize with their complementary sequences in the DNA sample, whereas the long strands of the sample DNA remain apart because of their low concentration. The hybridized oligonucleotides then serve as primers for DNA chain synthesis in the presence of deoxynucleotides (dNTPs) and a temperature-resistant DNA polymerase such as that from Thermus aquaticus (a bacterium that lives in hot springs).
This enzyme, called Taq polymerase, can remain active even after being heated to 95 C and can extend the primers at temperatures up to 72 C. When synthesis is complete, the whole mixture is then heated to 95 C to melt the newly formed DNA duplexes. After the temperature is lowered again, another cycle of synthesis takes place because excess primer is still present. Repeated cycles of melting (heating) and synthesis (cooling) quickly amplify the sequence of interest. At each cycle, the number of copies of the sequence between the primer sites is doubled; therefore, the desired sequence increases exponentially—about a million-fold after 20 cycles—whereas all other sequences in the original DNA sample remain unamplified.
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Hemochromatosis C282Y Kit | S01193-50-T
AUD742.00Hemochromatosis C282Y Kit | S01193-50-Tfrom Sacace Biotechnologies is available for delivery. RT PCR test for detection of Cys282TyrStorage & Shipping :ON REQUESTAUD742.00 -
Hemochromatosis S65C Kit | S01192-50-T
AUD742.00Hemochromatosis S65C Kit | S01192-50-Tfrom Sacace Biotechnologies is available for delivery. RT PCR test for detection of Ser65CysStorage & Shipping :ON REQUESTAUD742.00 -
Hemochromatosis H63D Kit | S01191-50-T
AUD742.00Hemochromatosis H63D Kit | S01191-50-Tfrom Sacace Biotechnologies is available for delivery. RT PCR test for detection of His63AspStorage & Shipping :ON REQUESTAUD742.00 -
Hemochromatosis Genotyping Kit NEW | HM-1-50-T
AUD1,030.00Hemochromatosis Genotyping Kit NEW | HM-1-50-Tfrom Sacace Biotechnologies is available for delivery. RT PCR test for detection of His63Asp, Ser65Cys, Cys282TStorage & Shipping :ON REQUESTAUD1,030.00 -
CFTR Genetics RT-PCR NEW | T01005-96
AUD742.00CFTR Genetics RT-PCR NEW | T01005-96from Sacace Biotechnologies is available for delivery. F508del, G542X, W1282X, N1303K, 2143delT, 2184insA, 3849+10kb C>T, dele2,3 (21kb), 2184insA, 3821delT, R334W, L138ins, 394delTT, S1196X, 604insA, 3944delTG,...AUD742.00 -
Chicken & Turkey RT-PCR NEW | HM-1-50-T-1
AUD806.00Chicken & Turkey RT-PCR NEW | HM-1-50-T-1from Sacace Biotechnologies is available for delivery. Real Time PCR kit for qualitative detection of the Chicken & Turkey Storage & Shipping : ON REQUESTAUD806.00 -
Halal Food RT-PCR | HM-1-50-T-2
AUD694.00Halal Food RT-PCR | HM-1-50-T-2 from Sacace Biotechnologies is available for delivery. Real Time PCR kit for qualitative detection of porcine genomic DNA. Storage & Shipping : ON REQUESTAUD694.00 -
CYP3A5*3 (G6986A) SNP-Screen | T01331
AUD742.00 - AUD1,002.00CYP3A5*3 (G6986A) SNP-Screen | T01331from Sacace Biotechnologies is available for delivery. RT-PCR test for detection of CYP3A5 gene mutation (rs776746) Available Formats: - Ready to Use 0,2 mL Tube - Ready to Use 12 x 8 Strip Storage & Shipping...AUD742.00 - AUD1,002.00 -
CYP2C9*2 (C430T) SNP-Screen | T01104
AUD742.00 - AUD1,002.00CYP2C9*2 (C430T) SNP-Screen | T01104from Sacace Biotechnologies is available for delivery. RT-PCR test for detection of CYP2C9 gene mutation (Ile359Leu; rs1057910) Available Formats: - Ready to Use 0,2 mL Tube- Ready to Use 12 x 8 StripStorage &...AUD742.00 - AUD1,002.00 -
CYP2C9*3 (A1075C) SNP-Screen | T01111
AUD742.00 - AUD1,002.00CYP2C9*3 (A1075C) SNP-Screen | T01111from Sacace Biotechnologies is available for delivery. RT-PCR test for detection of CYP2C9 gene mutation (Ile359Leu; rs1057910) Available Formats: - Ready to Use 0,2 mL Tube - Ready to Use 12 x 8 Strip Storage &...AUD742.00 - AUD1,002.00 -
VKORC1 (?1173T) SNP-Screen | T01144
AUD742.00 - AUD1,002.00VKORC1 (?1173T) SNP-Screen | T01144from Sacace Biotechnologies is available for delivery. RT-PCR test for detection Vitamin K epoxide reductase complex subunit 1 gene mutation, Warfarin sensitivity (rs9934438) Available Formats: - Ready to Use 0,2 mL...AUD742.00 - AUD1,002.00 -
VKORC1 (G3730A) SNP-Screen | T01145
AUD742.00 - AUD1,002.00VKORC1 (G3730A) SNP-Screen | T01145from Sacace Biotechnologies is available for delivery. RT-PCR test for detection Vitamin K epoxide reductase complex subunit 1 gene mutation, Warfarin resistance (rs7294) Available Formats: - Ready to Use 0,2 mL...AUD742.00 - AUD1,002.00 -
PPARG2 (C34G) SNP-Screen | T01359
AUD742.00 - AUD1,002.00PPARG2 (C34G) SNP-Screen | T01359from Sacace Biotechnologies is available for delivery. Real Time PCR test for detection of Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor-Gamma-2 gene mutation (Pro12Ala, rs1801282) Available Formats: - Ready to Use 0,2 mL...AUD742.00 - AUD1,002.00 -
ADRB2 (C5318G) SNP-Screen | T01358
AUD742.00 - AUD1,002.00ADRB2 (C5318G) SNP-Screen | T01358from Sacace Biotechnologies is available for delivery. RT-PCR test for detection adrenoceptor beta 2, surface gene (Gln27Glu, rs1042714) Available Formats: - Ready to Use 0,2 mL Tube - Ready to Use 12 x 8 Strip Storage...AUD742.00 - AUD1,002.00 -
ADRB3 (T190C) SNP-Screen | T01360
AUD742.00 - AUD1,002.00ADRB3 (T190C) SNP-Screen | T01360from Sacace Biotechnologies is available for delivery. RT-PCR test for detection of SLCO1B1 gene mutation (Val174Ala; rs4149056) Available Formats: - Ready to Use 0,2 mL Tube - Ready to Use 12 x 8 Strip Storage &...AUD742.00 - AUD1,002.00 -
FABP2 (A163G) SNP-Screen | T01361
AUD742.00 - AUD1,002.00FABP2 (A163G) SNP-Screen | T01361from Sacace Biotechnologies is available for delivery. RT-PCR test for detection of Fatty Acid Binding Protein 2 gene (Ala54Thr, rs1799883) Available Formats: - Ready to Use 0,2 mL Tube - Ready to Use 12 x 8...AUD742.00 - AUD1,002.00 -
SLCO1B1 (T37041C) SNP-Screen | T01303
AUD742.00 - AUD1,002.00SLCO1B1 (T37041C) SNP-Screen | T01303from Sacace Biotechnologies is available for delivery. RT-PCR test for detection of SLCO1B1 gene mutation (Val174Ala; rs4149056) Available Formats: - Ready to Use 0,2 mL Tube - Ready to Use 12 x 8 Strip Storage...AUD742.00 - AUD1,002.00 -
CYP2C19*2 (G681A) SNP-Screen | T01323
AUD742.00 - AUD1,002.00CYP2C19*2 (G681A) SNP-Screen | T01323from Sacace Biotechnologies is available for delivery. Available Formats: - Ready to Use 0,2 mL Tube - Ready to Use 12 x 8 Strip Storage & Shipping : ON REQUEST CYP2C19*2 (G681A) SNP-Screen T01323...AUD742.00 - AUD1,002.00 -
COMT Val158Met SNP-Screen RT-PCR New | T01352-50-T
AUD742.00COMT Val158Met SNP-Screen RT-PCR New | T01352-50-Tfrom Sacace Biotechnologies is available for delivery. Real Time PCR kitStorage & Shipping :ON REQUESTAUD742.00 -
CYP2C19*3 (G636A) SNP-Screen | T01324
AUD742.00 - AUD1,002.00CYP2C193 (G636A) SNP-Screen | T01324 *from Sacace Biotechnologies is available for delivery Description: RT-PCR test for detection of CYP2C193) Available Formats: - Ready to Use 0,2 mL Tube - Ready to Use 12 x 8 Strip Storage & Shipping : ON...AUD742.00 - AUD1,002.00 -
PeriodontScreen RT-PCR (CE) | T01707-96-S
AUD742.00PeriodontScreen RT-PCR | T01707-96-S from Sacace Biotechnologies is available for delivery Real Time PCR test for detection and quantification of Porphyromonas endodontalis, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Treponema...AUD742.00 -
HSV I/II Typing RT-PCR (CE) | V38-FRT
AUD740.00 - AUD950.00HSV I/II Typing RT-PCR | V38-FRT from Sacace Biotechnologies is available for delivery Real Time PCR kit for qualitative detection and differentiation of Herpes Viruses I and II Storage & Shipping : The kit can be shipped at 2-8°C for 3-4 days...AUD740.00 - AUD950.00 -
Influenza A B RT-PCR (CE) | V36-FRT
AUD740.00 - AUD950.00Influenza A B RT-PCR (CE) | V36-FRT from Sacace Biotechnologies is available for delivery Real Time Amplification test for the detection of Influenza A and B Viruses Storage & Shipping : The kit can be shipped at 2-8°C for 3-4 days but should be...AUD740.00 - AUD950.00 -
HPV High Risk Screen RT-PCR Quant | V31-2FRT
AUD740.00 - AUD950.00HPV High Risk Screen RT-PCR Quant (CE) | V31-2FRT from Sacace Biotechnologies is available for delivery Real Time PCR kit for quantitative detection of Human Papillomavirus (16, 18, 31, 33, 35, 39, 45, 51, 52, 56, 58, 59) Storage & Shipping : The kit...AUD740.00 - AUD950.00 -
HHV7 RT-PCR Quant | V17-FRT
AUD740.00 - AUD950.00HHV7 RT-PCR Quant | V17-FRT from Sacace Biotechnologies is available for delivery Real Time PCR kit for quantitative detection of Human Herpes Virus 7 Storage & Shipping : The kit can be shipped at 2-8°C for 3-4 days but should be stored at...AUD740.00 - AUD950.00 -
HHV6 RT-PCR Quant (CE) | V10-FRT
AUD740.00 - AUD950.00HHV6 RT-PCR Quant | V10-FRT from Sacace Biotechnologies is available for delivery Real Time PCR kit for quantitative detection of Human Herpes Virus 6 Storage & Shipping : The kit can be shipped at 2-8°C for 3-4 days but should be stored at...AUD740.00 - AUD950.00 -
HSV I/II RT-PCR (CE) | V8-100FRT
AUD740.00 - AUD950.00HSV I/II RT-PCR (CE) | V8-100FRT from Sacace Biotechnologies is available for delivery Real Time PCR kit for qualitative detection of Herpes Viruses I and II Storage & Shipping : The kit can be shipped at 2-8°C for 3-4 days but should be stored...AUD740.00 - AUD950.00 -
HIV RT-PCR Qual | R-V0-FRT
AUD740.00 - AUD950.00HIV RT-PCR Qual (CE) | R-V0-FRT from Sacace Biotechnologies is available for delivery Real Time PCR kit for qualitative detection of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Storage & Shipping : The kit can be shipped at 2-8°C for 3-4 days but should...AUD740.00 - AUD950.00 -
Gardnerella vaginalis/Lactobacillus species RT-PCR Quant (CE) | R-B7-FRT
AUD740.00 - AUD950.00Gardnerella vaginalis/Lactobacillus species RT-PCR Quant (CE) | R-B7-FRT from Sacace Biotechnologies is available for delivery Real Time Kit PCR kit for quantitative detection of Gardnerella vaginalis and Lactobacillus spp. Storage & Shipping : The...AUD740.00 - AUD950.00 -
Leishmania spp. RT-PCR | N3-FRT
AUD740.00 - AUD950.00Leishmania spp. RT-PCR (CE) | N3-FRT from Sacace Biotechnologies is available for delivery Real Time PCR kit for qualitative detection of Leishmania spp. Storage & Shipping : The kit can be shipped at 2-8°C for 3-4 days but should be stored at...AUD740.00 - AUD950.00 -
Candidosis RT-PCR Quant (CE) | F5-FRT
AUD740.00 - AUD950.00Candidosis RT-PCR Quant (CE) | F5-FRT from Sacace Biotechnologies is available for delivery Multiplex Real Time PCR test for the quantitative detection of Candida albicans, Candida glabrata, Candida krusei, Candida parapsilosis and Candida tropicalis...AUD740.00 - AUD950.00 -
Candida albicans/Candida glabrata /Candida krusei RT-PCR (CE) | F3-FRT
AUD740.00 - AUD950.00Candida albicans/Candida glabrata /Candida krusei RT-PCR (CE) | F3-FRT from Sacace Biotechnologies is available for delivery Multiplex Real Time PCR test for the qualitative detection of Candida albicans, Candida glabrata, and Candida krusei Storage...AUD740.00 - AUD950.00 -
HSV I /HSV II / T. pallidum RT-PCR | B87-FRT
AUD740.00 - AUD950.00HSV I /HSV II / T. pallidum RT-PCR (CE) | B87-FRT from Sacace Biotechnologies is available for delivery Multiplex Real Time PCR kit for qualitative detection of HSV I, HSV II and Treponema pallidum Storage & Shipping : The kit can be shipped at...AUD740.00 - AUD950.00 -
Ureaplasma parvum/Ur.urealyticum/ M.hominis RT-PCR Quant (CE) | B75-FRT Q
AUD740.00 - AUD950.00Ureaplasma parvum/Ur.urealyticum/ M.hominis RT-PCR Quant (CE) | B75-FRT Q from Sacace Biotechnologies is available for delivery Real Time PCR Kit for quantitative detection of Ureaplasma parvum, Ureaplasma urealyticum, Mycoplasma hominis Storage &...AUD740.00 - AUD950.00 -
Bacterial Vaginosis RT-PCR Quant (CE) | B74-FRT
AUD740.00 - AUD950.00Bacterial Vaginosis RT-PCR Quant (CE) | B74-FRT from Sacace Biotechnologies is available for delivery Multiplex Real Time PCR kit for quantitative detection of Gardnerella vaginalis, Atopobium vaginae, Lactobacillus spp. and total bacteria...AUD740.00 - AUD950.00 -
Cronobacter sakazakii RT-PCR (CE) | B58-FRT
AUD740.00 - AUD950.00Cronobacter sakazakii RT-PCR (CE) | B58-FRT from Sacace Biotechnologies is available for delivery Real Time PCR Kit for detection of Cronobacter sakazakii Storage & Shipping : The kit can be shipped at 2-8°C for 3-4 days but should be stored at...AUD740.00 - AUD950.00 -
Leptospira 16s RNA RT-PCR (CE) | B49-FRT
AUD740.00 - AUD950.00Leptospira 16s RNA RT-PCR (CE) | B49-FRT from Sacace Biotechnologies is available for delivery Real Time Kit for the qualitative detection of Leptospira 16s RNA Storage & Shipping : The kit can be shipped at 2-8°C for 3-4 days but should be...AUD740.00 - AUD950.00 -
A.I.I. Screen RT-PCR (CE) | B45-FRT
AUD740.00 - AUD950.00A.I.I. Screen RT-PCR (CE) | B45-FRT from Sacace Biotechnologies is available for delivery Real Time PCR test for the qualitative detection and differentiation of Shigella Spp. E.coli, Salmonella spp., Campylobacter spp., Adenovirus F, Rotavirus A,...AUD740.00 - AUD950.00 -
Shigella/Salmonella/Campylobacter RT-PCR (CE) | B44-FRT
AUD740.00 - AUD950.00Shigella/Salmonella/Campylobacter RT-PCR | B44-FRT from Sacace Biotechnologies is available for delivery Real Time PCR Kit for detection and differentiation of Shigella spp and Enteroinvasive E.Coli (EIEC)/ Salmonella spp/Campylobacter spp Storage &...AUD740.00 - AUD950.00 -
Borrelia burgdorferi RT-PCR (CE) | B37-FRT
AUD740.00 - AUD950.00Borrelia burgdorferi RT-PCR | B37-FRT from Sacace Biotechnologies is available for delivery Real Time PCR Kit for qualitative detection of Borrelia burgdorferi in biological materials Storage & Shipping : The kit can be shipped at 2-8°C for 3-4...AUD740.00 - AUD950.00 -
Listeria monocytogenes RT-PCR Quant (CE) | B14-FRT
AUD740.00 - AUD950.00Listeria monocytogenes RT-PCR Quant | B14-FRT from Sacace Biotechnologies is available for delivery Real Time PCR Kit for quantitative detection of Listeria monocytogenes Storage & Shipping : The kit can be shipped at 2-8°C for 3-4 days but...AUD740.00 - AUD950.00 -
Shigella spp & EIEC RT-PCR (CE) | B12-FRT
AUD740.00 - AUD950.00Shigella spp & EIEC RT-PCR | B12-FRT from Sacace Biotechnologies is available for delivery Real Time PCR Kit for detection of Shigella spp andEnteroinvasive E.Coli (EIEC) Storage & Shipping : The kit can be shipped at 2-8°C for 3-4 days but...AUD740.00 - AUD950.00 -
Helicobacter pylori RT-PCR (CE) | B9-FR
AUD740.00 - AUD950.00Helicobacter pylori RT-PCR | B9-FR from Sacace Biotechnologies is available for delivery Real Time PCR kit for qualitative detection of Helicobacter pylori Storage & Shipping :The kit can be shipped at 2-8°C for 3-4 days but should be stored at 2-8°C and...AUD740.00 - AUD950.00 -
Mycoplasma genitalium RT-PCR Quant (CE) | B4-FRT Q
AUD740.00 - AUD950.00Mycoplasma genitalium RT-PCR Quant (CE) | B4-FRT Q from Sacace Biotechnologies is available for delivery Real Time PCR Kit for quantitative detection of Mycoplasma genitalium Storage & Shipping : The kit can be shipped at 2-8°C for 3-4 days but...AUD740.00 - AUD950.00Qty in Cart: 0