Citrate gold nanoshells offer the sensitivity enhancement of gold nanoshells with the convenience of passive conjugation. Gold nanoshells provide an ultrabright label for lateral flow – up to 20× increases in lateral flow diagnostic sensitivity over 40 nm gold.

Approximate ranges below are dependent on diameter

• Hydrodynamic diameter (DLS): 145 to 195 nm
• Zeta potential: –35 to –70 mV
• pH of solution: 5.8 to 8.5
• Particle surface: citrate
• Solvent: .2 mM sodium citrate solution
• Peak wavelength (λ_max): 760 to 840 nm