Abbkine Reagents
- Product
- Qty in Cart
- Quantity
- Price
- Subtotal
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Normal Human Serum | BMS0060
€102.70 - €630.50Normal Human Serum | BMS0060 from Abbkine.Product Overwiew:High quality Normal human serum processed from non-immunized normal adult humans is used as a blocking agent or as a negative control for immunoassays. Background:Normal human serums, which are...794-BMS0060€102.70 - €630.50 -
BAPTA, AM | BMD00085
€496.60 - €3,211.00BAPTA, AM | BMD00085 from Abbkine.Product Overwiew:BAPTA and its derivatives are calcium chelators that are commonly used to form calcium buffers with well-defined calcium concentrations.Background:BAPTA and its derivatives are calcium chelators that are...794-BMD00085€496.60 - €3,211.00 -
DiOC6(3) | BMD00081
€175.50 - €835.90DiOC6(3) | BMD00081 from Abbkine.Product Overwiew:DiOC6(3) is a lipophilic fluorescent dye with excitation/emission spectra of 484/501 nm, respectively.Background:3, 3'-Dihexyloxacarbocyanine (DiOC6(3)) is a lipophilic fluorescent dye with...794-BMD00081€175.50 - €835.90 -
DiOC5(3) | BMD00080
€157.30 - €798.20DiOC5(3) | BMD00080 from Abbkine.Product Overwiew:DiOC5(3) is a probe for measuring membrane potential and localization of endoplasmic reticulum.Background:3, 3'-Dipentyloxacarbocyanine is a probe for measuring membrane potential and localization of...794-BMD00080€157.30 - €798.20 -
DiOC2(3) | BMD00079
€157.30 - €798.20DiOC2(3) | BMD00079 from Abbkine.Product Overwiew:DiOC2(3) has been used for measuring membrane potentials in bacteria. Background:DiOC2(3) (3, 3′-Diethyloxacarbocyanine, iodide) has been used for measuring membrane potentials in bacteria. The green...794-BMD00079€157.30 - €798.20 -
RH795 | BMD00078
€627.90 - €4,228.90RH795 | BMD00078 from Abbkine.Product Overwiew:RH795 is a fast-responding potentiometric probe that is primarily used for functional imaging of neurons. Background:The styryl dye RH795 is a fast-responding potentiometric probe that is primarily used for...794-BMD00078€627.90 - €4,228.90 -
RH237 | BMD00077
€477.10 - €3,191.50RH237 | BMD00077 from Abbkine.Product Overwiew:RH237 is a fast-responding potentiometric probe that is primarily used for functional imaging of neurons.Background:The styryl dye RH237 is a fast-responding potentiometric probe that is primarily used for...794-BMD00077€477.10 - €3,191.50 -
RH421 | BMD00076
€195.00 - €1,099.80RH421 | BMD00076 from Abbkine.Product Overwiew:RH421 is a fast responding membrane potential dyeBackground:RH421 is a fast responding membrane potential dye, exhibiting >20% fluorescence change per 100 mV on neuroblastoma cells.Used for:N/AKit...794-BMD00076€195.00 - €1,099.80 -
RH414 | BMD00075
€627.90 - €4,228.90RH414 | BMD00075 from Abbkine.Product Overwiew:RH414 is a fast-responding potentiometric probe that is primarily used for functional imaging of neurons.Background:The styryl dye RH414 is a fast-responding potentiometric probe that is primarily used for...794-BMD00075€627.90 - €4,228.90 -
DiR (DiIC18(7)) | BMD00074
€157.30DiR (DiIC18(7)) | BMD00074 from Abbkine.Product Overwiew:DiR is a lipophilic, near-infrared fluorescent cyanine dye.Background:DiR is a lipophilic, near-infrared fluorescent cyanine dye. The dye is useful for labeling cytoplasmic membrane. The two long...794-BMD00074€157.30 -
DiD (DiIC18(5)) | BMD00073
€175.50DiD (DiIC18(5)) | BMD00073 from Abbkine.Product Overwiew:The far-red fluorescent, lipophilic carbocyanine DiD is a longer-wavelength DiI analog.Background:The far-red fluorescent, lipophilic carbocyanine DiD is a longer-wavelength DiI analog. It is an...794-BMD00073€175.50 -
DiO(DiOC18(3)) | BMD00072
€195.00DiO(DiOC18(3)) | BMD00072 from Abbkine.Product Overwiew:The green fluorescent, lipophilic carbocyanine DiOC18(3) is widely used as a lipophilic tracer.Background:The green fluorescent, lipophilic carbocyanine DiOC18(3) is widely used as a lipophilic...794-BMD00072€195.00 -
DiI (DiIC18(3)) | BMD00071
€175.50DiI (DiIC18(3)) | BMD00071 from Abbkine.Product Overwiew:DiI is a widely used carbocyanine membrane dye.Background:DiI is a widely used carbocyanine membrane dye that labels cell membranes by inserting its two long (C18 carbon) hydrocarbon chains into...794-BMD00071€175.50 -
6-CDCFDA SE | BMD00070
€195.00 - €1,099.806-CDCFDA SE | BMD00070 from Abbkine.Product Overwiew:6-CDCFD is a useful fluorescent tracer that can passively diffuse into cells.Background:6-CDCFD is a useful fluorescent tracer that can passively diffuse into cells and covalently label intracellular...794-BMD00070€195.00 - €1,099.80 -
6-CDCFDA | BMD00069
€195.00 - €1,099.806-CDCFDA | BMD00069 from Abbkine.Product Overwiew:6-CDCFD is a useful fluorescent tracer that can passively diffuse into cells.Background:6-CDCFD is a useful fluorescent tracer that can passively diffuse into cells and covalently label intracellular...794-BMD00069€195.00 - €1,099.80 -
6-CFDA | BMD00068
€157.30 - €722.806-CFDA | BMD00068 from Abbkine.Product Overwiew:6-CFDA has been used to differentiate viable cells from apoptotic cells.Background:6-CFDA has been used to differentiate viable cells from apoptotic cells. Live cells that are not apoptotic accumulate...794-BMD00068€157.30 - €722.80 -
5-CFDA | BMD00067
€157.30 - €722.805-CFDA | BMD00067 from Abbkine.Product Overwiew:5-CFDA is membrane-permeant and can be loaded into cells via incubation.Background:5-CFDA is membrane-permeant and thus can be loaded into cells via incubation. Once inside cells, 5-CFDA is hydrolyzed by...794-BMD00067€157.30 - €722.80 -
5(6)-CFDA, SE | BMD00066
€175.50 - €891.805(6)-CFDA, SE | BMD00066 from Abbkine.Product Overwiew:5(6)-CFDA is a useful fluorescent tracer that can passively diffuse into cells.Background:5(6)-CFDA, SE (full name: 5-(and-6)-Carboxyfluorescein diacetate, succinimidyl ester, also known as CFSE) is...794-BMD00066€175.50 - €891.80 -
5(6)-CFDA | BMD00065
€195.00 - €1,099.805(6)-CFDA | BMD00065 from Abbkine.Product Overwiew:5(6)-CFDA can be loaded into cells via incubation. Background:5(6)-CFDA (full name: 5-(and-6)-Carboxyfluorescein diacetate) is membrane-permeant and thus can be loaded into cells via incubation. Once...794-BMD00065€195.00 - €1,099.80 -
Calcein AM | BMD00064
€590.20 - €3,965.00Calcein AM | BMD00064 from Abbkine.Product Overwiew:Calcein AM is a cell-permeable dye.Background:Calcein AM is a cell-permeable dye that, upon entering live cells, is cleaved by intracellular esterases, leaving membrane-impermeant calcein, a fluorescent...794-BMD00064€590.20 - €3,965.00 -
DAPI | BMD00063
€288.60 - €1,665.30DAPI | BMD00063 from Abbkine.Product Overwiew:DAPI is a popular blue fluorescent DNA dye.Background:DAPI is a popular blue fluorescent DNA dye. The dye binds to the minor groove of dsDNA with approximately 20-fold fluorescence enhancement. DAPI is often...794-BMD00063€288.60 - €1,665.30 -
Hoechst 33342 | BMD00062
€137.80 - €590.20Hoechst 33342 | BMD00062 from Abbkine.Product Overwiew:Hoechst dyes are cell membrane-permeant, minor groove-binding blue fluorescent DNA stains.Background:Hoechst dyes are cell membrane-permeant, minor groove-binding blue fluorescent DNA stains. Hoechst...794-BMD00062€137.80 - €590.20 -
Hoechst 33258 | BMD00061
€119.60 - €534.30Hoechst 33258 | BMD00061 from Abbkine.Product Overwiew:Hoechst dyes are cell membrane-permeant, minor groove-binding blue fluorescent DNA stains.Background:Hoechst dyes are cell membrane-permeant, minor groove-binding blue fluorescent DNA stains. Hoechst...794-BMD00061€119.60 - €534.30 -
Ethidium Homodimer-1 (EthD-1) | BMD00060
€609.70 - €4,115.80Ethidium Homodimer-1 (EthD-1) | BMD00060 from Abbkine.Product Overwiew:Ethidium Homodimer, is a high affinity fluorescent nucleic acid stain. Background:Ethidium Homodimer, is a high affinity fluorescent nucleic acid stain. It binds to both DNA and RNA...794-BMD00060€609.70 - €4,115.80 -
FITC (ISOMER I) | BMD00059
€157.30 - €722.80FITC (ISOMER I) | BMD00059 from Abbkine.Product Overwiew:FITC is an amine-reactive fluorescein derivative.Background:FITC (fluorescein-5-isothiocyanate) is an amine-reactive fluorescein derivative for labeling proteins or other molecules containing...794-BMD00059€157.30 - €722.80 -
Biotin-X SE | BMD00058
€137.80 - €534.30Biotin-X SE | BMD00058 from Abbkine.Product Overwiew:Biotin-X, SE activates the carboxylic acid group of Biotin, which promotes the coupling reactions.Background:Biotin-X, SE activates the carboxylic acid group of Biotin, which promotes the coupling...794-BMD00058€137.80 - €534.30 -
Biotin-X, free acid | BMD00057
€175.50 - €835.90Biotin-X, free acid | BMD00057 from Abbkine.Product Overwiew:Biotin-X, free acid can be used for biosynthesis of biotinylated oligosaccharides.Background:Biotin-x, free acid can be used for biosynthesis of biotinylated oligosaccharides and also commonly...794-BMD00057€175.50 - €835.90 -
Biotin-XX, SE | BMD00056
€137.80 - €590.20Biotin-XX, SE | BMD00056 from Abbkine.Product Overwiew:Biotin-XX succinimidyl ester is readily coupled to a primary or secondary amine under mild conditions.Background:Biotin-XX succinimidyl ester (6-((6-((Biotinoyl)amino)hexanoyl)amino)hexanoic acid...794-BMD00056€137.80 - €590.20 -
Biotin-XX | BMD00055
€195.00 - €1,004.90Biotin-XX | BMD00055 from Abbkine.Product Overwiew:Biotin-XX free acid can be used to react with aromatic amines or sterically hindered amines.Background:Biotin-XX free acid (6-((6-((Biotinoyl)amino)hexanoyl)amino)hexanoic acid) can be easily converted...794-BMD00055€195.00 - €1,004.90 -
Biotin Azide | BMD00054
€270.40 - €1,645.80Biotin Azide | BMD00054 from Abbkine.Product Overwiew:Biotin azide reacts with alkyne to form 1, 2, 3-triazole by copper(I) catalyzed 1, 3-dipolar Huisgen cycloaddition.Background:Biotin azide reacts with alkyne to form 1, 2, 3-triazole by copper(I)...794-BMD00054€270.40 - €1,645.80 -
Biotin SE | BMD00053
€195.00 - €1,099.80Biotin SE | BMD00053 from Abbkine.Product Overwiew:Biotin SE can easily react with primary or secondary amine.Background:Biotin SE can easily react with primary or secondary amine under mild conditions, commonly used to modify proteins and other...794-BMD00053€195.00 - €1,099.80 -
Cy5 SE | BMD00052
€760.50 - €5,265.00Cy5 SE | BMD00052 from Abbkine.Product Overwiew:Cy5, SE is a red near infrared fluorescent dye.Background:Cyanine dye Cy5, SE is a red near infrared fluorescent dye, which has low background, high fluorescence intensity and good stability. Cy5 is often...794-BMD00052€760.50 - €5,265.00 -
Cy5 | BMD00051
€911.30 - €6,433.70Cy5 | BMD00051 from Abbkine.Product Overwiew:Cy5 is a red near infrared fluorescent dye.Background:Cyanine dye Cy5 is a red near infrared fluorescent dye, which has low background, high fluorescence intensity and good stability. Cy5 is often used in...794-BMD00051€911.30 - €6,433.70 -
Cy3 | BMD00050
€911.30 - €6,433.70Cy3 | BMD00050 from Abbkine.Product Overwiew:Cy3 dye is a bright, orange-fluorescent dye.Background:Cy3 dye is a bright, orange-fluorescent dye that can be excited using the 532 nm laser line and visualized with TRITC (tetramethylrhodamine) filter sets...794-BMD00050€911.30 - €6,433.70 -
Rhodamine 110 | BMD00049
€175.50 - €873.60Rhodamine 110 | BMD00049 from Abbkine.Product Overwiew:Rhodamine 110 is the precursor for a variety of R110-based enzyme substrates.Background:Rhodamine 110 (R110) is the precursor for a variety of R110-based enzyme substrates. It is also used as a...794-BMD00049€175.50 - €873.60 -
6-X-FAM | BMD00048
€477.10 - €3,191.506-X-FAM | BMD00048 from Abbkine.Product Overwiew:6-X-FAM connect an amino acetyl group in FAM (referred to as the "X").Background:6-X-FAM connect an amino acetyl group in FAM (referred to as the "X"). The join of "X" group increases the space of the...794-BMD00048€477.10 - €3,191.50 -
6-FAM, succinimidyl ester | BMD00047
€270.40 - €1,627.606-FAM, succinimidyl ester | BMD00047 from Abbkine.Product Overwiew:6-FAM, SE is the amine-reactive succinimidyl ester of single isomer 6-FAM acid.Background:6-FAM, SE is the amine-reactive succinimidyl ester of single isomer 6-FAM acid. It is one of the...794-BMD00047€270.40 - €1,627.60 -
6-FAM | BMD00046
€137.80 - €590.206-FAM | BMD00046 from Abbkine.Product Overwiew:6-FAM is mainly used in sequencing of nucleic acids and labeling nucleotides.Background:6-FAM is another isomer of carboxyfluorescein. It is mainly used in sequencing of nucleic acids and labeling...794-BMD00046€137.80 - €590.20 -
5-FAM-PEO12, succinimidyl ester | BMD00045
€421.20 - €2,796.305-FAM-PEO12, succinimidyl ester | BMD00045 from Abbkine.Product Overwiew:5-FAM-PEO12 SE has an approximately 47 Angstrom water-soluble PEG spacer that separates fluorescein and the amine-reactive SE group.Background:5-FAM-PEO12 SE (full name:...794-BMD00045€421.20 - €2,796.30 -
5-FAM-PEO8, succinimidyl ester | BMD00044
€421.20 - €2,796.305-FAM-PEO8, succinimidyl ester | BMD00044 from Abbkine.Product Overwiew:5-FAM-PEO8 SE has an approximately 32 Angstrom water-soluble PEG spacer that separates fluorescein and the amine-reactive SE group.Background:5-FAM-PEO8 SE (full name:...794-BMD00044€421.20 - €2,796.30 -
5-FAM, succinimidyl ester | BMD00043
€288.60 - €1,778.405-FAM, succinimidyl ester | BMD00043 from Abbkine.Product Overwiew:5-FAM, SE is the amine-reactive succinimidyl ester of single isomer 5-FAM acid. Background:5-FAM, SE is the amine-reactive succinimidyl ester of single isomer 5-FAM acid. It is one of the...794-BMD00043€288.60 - €1,778.40 -
5-FAM | BMD00042
€232.70 - €1,306.505-FAM | BMD00042 from Abbkine.Product Overwiew:FAM can be incorporated into liposomes, and allow for the tracking of liposomes.Background:The single isomer, 5-FAM, contains a carboxylic acid that can be used to react with primary amines via carbodiimide...794-BMD00042€232.70 - €1,306.50 -
5(6)-FAM | BMD00041
€157.30 - €798.205(6)-FAM | BMD00041 from Abbkine.Product Overwiew:FAM can be incorporated into liposomes, and allow for the tracking of liposomes.Background:Commercially available FAM is a mixture of two isomers, 5-FAM and 6-FAM, and the correct name is...794-BMD00041€157.30 - €798.20 -
AMCA-X, succinimidyl ester | BMD00040
€383.50 - €2,399.80AMCA-X, succinimidyl ester | BMD00040 from Abbkine.Product Overwiew:Amine reactive, UV excitable blue fluorescent probe similar to AMCA-H.Background:AMCA-X, SE is one of the most popular blue fluorescent tagging molecules. It is widely used to label...794-BMD00040€383.50 - €2,399.80 -
AMCA-X | BMD00039
€232.70 - €1,363.70AMCA-X | BMD00039 from Abbkine.Product Overwiew:Amine reactive, UV excitable blue fluorescent probe similar to AMCA-H.Background:Amine reactive, UV excitable blue fluorescent probe similar to AMCA-H. Activates to form lysine-reactive AMCA-X...794-BMD00039€232.70 - €1,363.70 -
AMCA | BMD00038
€213.20 - €1,231.10AMCA | BMD00038 from Abbkine.Product Overwiew:AMCA is one of the brightest amine-reactive blue fluorescent dyes.Background:AMCA is one of the brightest amine-reactive blue fluorescent dyes useful for immunofluorescence and fluorescent labeling. It is...794-BMD00038€213.20 - €1,231.10 -
6-ROX, succinimidyl ester | BMD00037
€609.70 - €4,078.106-ROX, succinimidyl ester | BMD00037 from Abbkine.Product Overwiew:6-ROX, SE is widely used for oligonucleotide labeling and automated DNA sequencing applications.Background:The isomeric 6-ROX, SE is an amine-reactive form of carboxy-X-rhodamine and is...794-BMD00037€609.70 - €4,078.10 -
6-ROX | BMD00036
€308.10 - €1,891.506-ROX | BMD00036 from Abbkine.Product Overwiew:6-ROX is predominately used for labeling nucleotides and sequencing nucleic acids.Background:6-ROX is predominately used for labeling nucleotides and sequencing nucleic acids.Used for:N/AKit...794-BMD00036€308.10 - €1,891.50 -
5-ROX | BMD00035
€308.10 - €1,891.505-ROX | BMD00035 from Abbkine.Product Overwiew:5-ROX is used for oligonucleotide labeling and automated DNA sequencing applications.Background:The carboxylic acid of 5-ROX is used for oligonucleotide labeling and automated DNA sequencing applications...794-BMD00035€308.10 - €1,891.50 -
5-TAMRA | BMD00034
€308.10 - €1,891.505-TAMRA | BMD00034 from Abbkine.Product Overwiew:Tetramethylrhodamine has been a widely used fluorophore for preparing bioconjugates.Background:Tetramethylrhodamine (TMR, TRITC) has been a widely used fluorophore for preparing bioconjugates, such as...794-BMD00034€308.10 - €1,891.50 -
6-TAMRA, succinimidyl ester | BMD00033
€609.70 - €4,078.106-TAMRA, succinimidyl ester | BMD00033 from Abbkine.Product Overwiew:Tetramethylrhodamine has been a widely used fluorophore for preparing bioconjugates.Background:Tetramethylrhodamine (TMR, TRITC) has been a widely used fluorophore for preparing...794-BMD00033€609.70 - €4,078.10 -
6-TAMRA | BMD00032
€308.10 - €1,891.506-TAMRA | BMD00032 from Abbkine.Product Overwiew:Tetramethylrhodamine has been a widely used fluorophore for preparing bioconjugates.Background:Tetramethylrhodamine (TMR, TRITC) has been a widely used fluorophore for preparing bioconjugates, such as...794-BMD00032€308.10 - €1,891.50 -
5(6)-TAMRA, cadaverine | BMD00031
€401.70 - €2,532.405(6)-TAMRA, cadaverine | BMD00031 from Abbkine.Product Overwiew:Tetramethylrhodamine has been a widely used fluorophore for preparing bioconjugates.Background:5(6)-TAMRA cadaverine is a useful reagent for modifying carboxy groups via EDC-mediated...794-BMD00031€401.70 - €2,532.40 -
5(6)-TAMRA, succinimidyl ester, mixed isomers | BMD00030
€514.80 - €741.005(6)-TAMRA, succinimidyl ester, mixed isomers | BMD00030 from Abbkine.Product Overwiew:Tetramethylrhodamine has been a widely used fluorophore for preparing bioconjugates.Background:5(6)-TAMRA SE (full name: 5-(and-6)-Carboxytetramethylrhodamine...794-BMD00030€514.80 - €741.00 -
5(6)-TAMRA, mixed isomers | BMD00029
€157.30 - €741.005(6)-TAMRA, mixed isomers | BMD00029 from Abbkine.Product Overwiew:Tetramethylrhodamine has been a widely used fluorophore for preparing bioconjugates.Background:Tetramethylrhodamine (TMR, TRITC) has been a widely used fluorophore for preparing...794-BMD00029€157.30 - €741.00 -
MQAE | BMD00008
€232.70 - €1,363.70MQAE | BMD00008 from Abbkine.Product Overwiew:MQAE is an improved chloride indicator that has greater sensitivity to chloride than SPQ (Ksv=118 M-1) and higher fluorescence quantum yield.Background:MQAE (N-(Ethoxycarbonylmethyl)-6-methoxyquinolinium...794-BMD00008€232.70 - €1,363.70 -
BCECF, AM ester | BMD00007
€270.40 - €1,627.60BCECF, AM ester | BMD00007 from Abbkine.Product Overwiew:BCECF, AM ester is membrane-permeant and thus can be loaded into cells via incubation.Background:BCECF, AM ester is membrane-permeant and thus can be loaded into cells via incubation. This product...794-BMD00007€270.40 - €1,627.60 -
Fluo-3, AM ester | BMD00006
€552.50 - €3,719.30Fluo-3, AM ester | BMD00006 from Abbkine.Product Overwiew:Membrane-permeant AM ester form of Fluo-3 that can be loaded into cells via incubation.Background:Membrane-permeant AM ester form of Fluo-3 that can be loaded into cells via incubation. Fluo-3 AM...794-BMD00006€552.50 - €3,719.30 -
BAPTA, tetrasodium salt | BMD00005
€157.30 - €778.70BAPTA, tetrasodium salt | BMD00005 from Abbkine.Product Overwiew:BAPTA and its derivatives are calcium chelators that are commonly used to form calcium buffers with well-defined calcium concentrations.Background:BAPTA and its derivatives are calcium...794-BMD00005€157.30 - €778.70 -
BAPTA, tetrapotassium salt | BMD00004
€157.30 - €778.70BAPTA, tetrapotassium salt | BMD00004 from Abbkine.Product Overwiew:BAPTA and its derivatives are calcium chelators that are commonly used to form calcium buffers with well-defined calcium concentrations.Background:BAPTA and its derivatives are calcium...794-BMD00004€157.30 - €778.70 -
BAPTA, tetracesium salt | BMD00003
€137.80 - €609.70BAPTA, tetracesium salt | BMD00003 from Abbkine.Product Overwiew:BAPTA and its derivatives are calcium chelators that are commonly used to form calcium buffers with well-defined calcium concentrations.Background:BAPTA and its derivatives are calcium...794-BMD00003€137.80 - €609.70 -
D-Luciferin, Sodium Salt | BMD00002
€270.40 - €1,627.60D-Luciferin, Sodium Salt | BMD00002 from Abbkine.Product Overwiew:D-Luciferin sodium salt is a useful substrate for the enzyme Firefly Luciferase.Background:D-Luciferin sodium salt is a useful substrate for the enzyme Firefly Luciferase. Upon oxidation...794-BMD00002€270.40 - €1,627.60 -
Dihydroethidium (Hydroethidine) | BMD00001
€175.50 - €891.80Dihydroethidium (Hydroethidine) | BMD00001 from Abbkine.Product Overwiew:Dihydroethidium (Hydroethidine) is the reduction form of commonly used DNA dye-ethidium bromide.Background:The superoxide indicator dihydroethidium, also called hydroethidine, is...794-BMD00001€175.50 - €891.80 -
Ulp1 (SUMO Protease/Ulp1 peptidase) | PRP3001
€250.90 - €1,552.20Ulp1 (SUMO Protease/Ulp1 peptidase) | PRP3001 from Abbkine.Product Overwiew:Recombinant Yeast Ulp1 protein expressed in E.coli.Background:SUMO (Small Ubiquitin-like MOdifiers) Protease 1 (Ulp1, Ubl-specific protease 1 from Saccharomyces cerevisiae) is a...794-PRP3001€250.90 - €1,552.20